Nested classes are classes that are declared as members of other classes or scopes. Nesting classes is one way to better organize your code. For example, say you have a non-nested class (also known as a top-level class) that stores objects in a resizable array, followed by an iterator class that returns each object. Rather…
Method overloading is a programming technique that allows developers to use the same method name multiple times in the same class, but with different parameters. Because of the word overloading, developers sometimes assume this technique means overloading the system, but that’s not true. In programming, method overloading means using the same method name with different…
With Java Development Kit (JDK) 23 due to arrive September 17, work already has begun on JDK 24, with the first feature, restricting the use of JNI (Java Native Interface), targeted for the release. A multitude of other features, including many already in preview in JDK 23, also are possible for inclusion. Likely to arrive…
Polymorphism refers to the ability of some entities to occur in different forms. It is popularly represented by the butterfly, which morphs from larva to pupa to imago. Polymorphism also exists in programming languages, as a modeling technique that allows you to create a single interface to various operands, arguments, and objects. Java polymorphism results…
Java’s String class encapsulates an array of bytes. A byte can be converted to a char, in which case, String becomes an array of characters used to compose words, sentences, or any other data you want. In this Java challenger, you’ll learn how to compare two Strings for equality. Comparing Strings is relatively simple, but it’s helpful to know a…
Java’s collections like arrays and lists are foundational building blocks. Functional programming techniques are at times the ideal way to work with these collections. This article gives a tour of some of the most essential functional programming operations in Java collections, using the built-in lambda features of Java 8 and later. Imperative vs. functional collections…
Java Development Kit (JDK) 23, the next release of standard Java, has reached the release candidate stage. General availability is slated for September 17. The feature set for JDK 23 has been finalized at an even dozen. A proposed third preview of string templates, which was previewed in JDK 22 and JDK 21, has been…
Java application startup times would be improved by making classes of an application instantly available, under a proposal being floated in the OpenJDK community. The JEP (JDK Enhancement Proposal) at openjdk.org, titled “Ahead-of-Time Class Loading & Linking,” would boost application startup speed by having these classes made available in a loaded and linked state when…
It is said that the only constant is change, which is abundantly clear with the licensing of Oracle Java. Since 2018, with the introduction of a new OpenJDK release cadence and specific long-term support (LTS) versions, we’ve seen four significant modifications to both the license conditions and pricing which have had an impact on enterprises…
Java applications evaluate expressions in the context of statements, which are used for tasks such as declaring a variable, making a decision, or iterating over statements. We can write either simple or compound statements: A simple statement is a single standalone instruction for performing a task; it must be terminated with a semicolon character (;)….
